• Form 表单
    • 概述
    • 代码示例
    • API
      • Form props
      • Form methods
      • FormItem props
      • FormItem slot

    Form 表单

    概述

    具有数据收集、校验和提交功能的表单，包含复选框、单选框、输入框、下拉选择框等元素。

    注意：非 template/render 模式下，需使用 i-form。

    W3C 标准中有如下规定：
    When there is only one single-line text input field in a form, the user agent should accept Enter in that field as a request to submit the form.

    即：当一个 form 元素中只有一个输入框时，在该输入框中按下回车应提交该表单。如果希望阻止这一默认行为，可以在 <Form> 标签上添加 @submit.native.prevent。

    代码示例

    Form 表单 - 图1

    行内表单

    设置属性 inline，表单元素可以水平排列。

    1. <template>
    2.     <Form ref="formInline" :model="formInline" :rules="ruleInline" inline>
    3.         <FormItem prop="user">
    4.             <Input type="text" v-model="formInline.user" placeholder="Username">
    5.                 <Icon type="ios-person-outline" slot="prepend"></Icon>
    6.             </Input>
    7.         </FormItem>
    8.         <FormItem prop="password">
    9.             <Input type="password" v-model="formInline.password" placeholder="Password">
    10.                 <Icon type="ios-lock-outline" slot="prepend"></Icon>
    11.             </Input>
    12.         </FormItem>
    13.         <FormItem>
    14.             <Button type="primary" @click="handleSubmit('formInline')">Signin</Button>
    15.         </FormItem>
    16.     </Form>
    17. </template>
    18. <script>
    19.     export default {
    20.         data () {
    21.             return {
    22.                 formInline: {
    23.                     user: '',
    24.                     password: ''
    25.                 },
    26.                 ruleInline: {
    27.                     user: [
    28.                         { required: true, message: 'Please fill in the user name', trigger: 'blur' }
    29.                     ],
    30.                     password: [
    31.                         { required: true, message: 'Please fill in the password.', trigger: 'blur' },
    32.                         { type: 'string', min: 6, message: 'The password length cannot be less than 6 bits', trigger: 'blur' }
    33.                     ]
    34.                 }
    35.             }
    36.         },
    37.         methods: {
    38.             handleSubmit(name) {
    39.                 this.$refs[name].validate((valid) => {
    40.                     if (valid) {
    41.                         this.$Message.success('Success!');
    42.                     } else {
    43.                         this.$Message.error('Fail!');
    44.                     }
    45.                 })
    46.             }
    47.         }
    48.     }
    49. </script>

    Form 表单 - 图2

    表单控件

    在 Form 内，每个表单域由 FormItem 组成，可包含的控件有：Input、Radio、Checkbox、Switch、Select、Slider、DatePicker、TimePicker、Cascader、Transfer、InputNumber、Rate、Upload、AutoComplete、ColorPicker。

    给 FormItem 设置属性 label 可以显示表单域的标签，需要给 Form 设置 label-width。

    给 FormItem 设置属性 label-for 可以指定原生的 label 标签的 for 属性，配合设置控件的 element-id 属性，可以点击 label 时聚焦控件。

    1. <template>
    2.     <Form :model="formItem" :label-width="80">
    3.         <FormItem label="Input">
    4.             <Input v-model="formItem.input" placeholder="Enter something..."></Input>
    5.         </FormItem>
    6.         <FormItem label="Select">
    7.             <Select v-model="formItem.select">
    8.                 <Option value="beijing">New York</Option>
    9.                 <Option value="shanghai">London</Option>
    10.                 <Option value="shenzhen">Sydney</Option>
    11.             </Select>
    12.         </FormItem>
    13.         <FormItem label="DatePicker">
    14.             <Row>
    15.                 <Col span="11">
    16.                     <DatePicker type="date" placeholder="Select date" v-model="formItem.date"></DatePicker>
    17.                 </Col>
    18.                 <Col span="2" style="text-align: center">-</Col>
    19.                 <Col span="11">
    20.                     <TimePicker type="time" placeholder="Select time" v-model="formItem.time"></TimePicker>
    21.                 </Col>
    22.             </Row>
    23.         </FormItem>
    24.         <FormItem label="Radio">
    25.             <RadioGroup v-model="formItem.radio">
    26.                 <Radio label="male">Male</Radio>
    27.                 <Radio label="female">Female</Radio>
    28.             </RadioGroup>
    29.         </FormItem>
    30.         <FormItem label="Checkbox">
    31.             <CheckboxGroup v-model="formItem.checkbox">
    32.                 <Checkbox label="Eat"></Checkbox>
    33.                 <Checkbox label="Sleep"></Checkbox>
    34.                 <Checkbox label="Run"></Checkbox>
    35.                 <Checkbox label="Movie"></Checkbox>
    36.             </CheckboxGroup>
    37.         </FormItem>
    38.         <FormItem label="Switch">
    39.             <i-switch v-model="formItem.switch" size="large">
    40.                 <span slot="open">On</span>
    41.                 <span slot="close">Off</span>
    42.             </i-switch>
    43.         </FormItem>
    44.         <FormItem label="Slider">
    45.             <Slider v-model="formItem.slider" range></Slider>
    46.         </FormItem>
    47.         <FormItem label="Text">
    48.             <Input v-model="formItem.textarea" type="textarea" :autosize="{minRows: 2,maxRows: 5}" placeholder="Enter something..."></Input>
    49.         </FormItem>
    50.         <FormItem>
    51.             <Button type="primary">Submit</Button>
    52.             <Button style="margin-left: 8px">Cancel</Button>
    53.         </FormItem>
    54.     </Form>
    55. </template>
    56. <script>
    57.     export default {
    58.         data () {
    59.             return {
    60.                 formItem: {
    61.                     input: '',
    62.                     select: '',
    63.                     radio: 'male',
    64.                     checkbox: [],
    65.                     switch: true,
    66.                     date: '',
    67.                     time: '',
    68.                     slider: [20, 50],
    69.                     textarea: ''
    70.                 }
    71.             }
    72.         }
    73.     }
    74. </script>

    Form 表单 - 图3

    对齐方式

    设置属性 label-position，可以改变表单域标签的位置，left 为左对齐，right 为右对齐，top 会置于表单域顶部。

    1. <template>
    2.     <Form :model="formLeft" label-position="left" :label-width="100">
    3.         <FormItem label="Title">
    4.             <Input v-model="formLeft.input1"></Input>
    5.         </FormItem>
    6.         <FormItem label="Title name">
    7.             <Input v-model="formLeft.input2"></Input>
    8.         </FormItem>
    9.         <FormItem label="Aligned title">
    10.             <Input v-model="formLeft.input3"></Input>
    11.         </FormItem>
    12.     </Form>
    13.     <Form :model="formRight" label-position="right" :label-width="100">
    14.         <FormItem label="Title">
    15.             <Input v-model="formRight.input1"></Input>
    16.         </FormItem>
    17.         <FormItem label="Title name">
    18.             <Input v-model="formRight.input2"></Input>
    19.         </FormItem>
    20.         <FormItem label="Aligned title">
    21.             <Input v-model="formRight.input3"></Input>
    22.         </FormItem>
    23.     </Form>
    24.     <Form :model="formTop" label-position="top">
    25.         <FormItem label="Title">
    26.             <Input v-model="formTop.input1"></Input>
    27.         </FormItem>
    28.         <FormItem label="Title name">
    29.             <Input v-model="formTop.input2"></Input>
    30.         </FormItem>
    31.         <FormItem label="Aligned title">
    32.             <Input v-model="formTop.input3"></Input>
    33.         </FormItem>
    34.     </Form>
    35. </template>
    36. <script>
    37.     export default {
    38.         data () {
    39.             return {
    40.                 formLeft: {
    41.                     input1: '',
    42.                     input2: '',
    43.                     input3: ''
    44.                 },
    45.                 formRight: {
    46.                     input1: '',
    47.                     input2: '',
    48.                     input3: ''
    49.                 },
    50.                 formTop: {
    51.                     input1: '',
    52.                     input2: '',
    53.                     input3: ''
    54.                 }
    55.             }
    56.         }
    57.     }
    58. </script>

    Form 表单 - 图4

    表单验证

    Form 组件基于 async-validator 实现的数据验证，给 Form 设置属性 rules，同时给需要验证的 FormItem 设置属性 prop 指向对应字段即可。

    完整的验证规则请参照开源项目 async-validator。

    验证方法也支持 Promise。

    1. <template>
    2.     <Form ref="formValidate" :model="formValidate" :rules="ruleValidate" :label-width="80">
    3.         <FormItem label="Name" prop="name">
    4.             <Input v-model="formValidate.name" placeholder="Enter your name"></Input>
    5.         </FormItem>
    6.         <FormItem label="E-mail" prop="mail">
    7.             <Input v-model="formValidate.mail" placeholder="Enter your e-mail"></Input>
    8.         </FormItem>
    9.         <FormItem label="City" prop="city">
    10.             <Select v-model="formValidate.city" placeholder="Select your city">
    11.                 <Option value="beijing">New York</Option>
    12.                 <Option value="shanghai">London</Option>
    13.                 <Option value="shenzhen">Sydney</Option>
    14.             </Select>
    15.         </FormItem>
    16.         <FormItem label="Date">
    17.             <Row>
    18.                 <Col span="11">
    19.                     <FormItem prop="date">
    20.                         <DatePicker type="date" placeholder="Select date" v-model="formValidate.date"></DatePicker>
    21.                     </FormItem>
    22.                 </Col>
    23.                 <Col span="2" style="text-align: center">-</Col>
    24.                 <Col span="11">
    25.                     <FormItem prop="time">
    26.                         <TimePicker type="time" placeholder="Select time" v-model="formValidate.time"></TimePicker>
    27.                     </FormItem>
    28.                 </Col>
    29.             </Row>
    30.         </FormItem>
    31.         <FormItem label="Gender" prop="gender">
    32.             <RadioGroup v-model="formValidate.gender">
    33.                 <Radio label="male">Male</Radio>
    34.                 <Radio label="female">Female</Radio>
    35.             </RadioGroup>
    36.         </FormItem>
    37.         <FormItem label="Hobby" prop="interest">
    38.             <CheckboxGroup v-model="formValidate.interest">
    39.                 <Checkbox label="Eat"></Checkbox>
    40.                 <Checkbox label="Sleep"></Checkbox>
    41.                 <Checkbox label="Run"></Checkbox>
    42.                 <Checkbox label="Movie"></Checkbox>
    43.             </CheckboxGroup>
    44.         </FormItem>
    45.         <FormItem label="Desc" prop="desc">
    46.             <Input v-model="formValidate.desc" type="textarea" :autosize="{minRows: 2,maxRows: 5}" placeholder="Enter something..."></Input>
    47.         </FormItem>
    48.         <FormItem>
    49.             <Button type="primary" @click="handleSubmit('formValidate')">Submit</Button>
    50.             <Button @click="handleReset('formValidate')" style="margin-left: 8px">Reset</Button>
    51.         </FormItem>
    52.     </Form>
    53. </template>
    54. <script>
    55.     export default {
    56.         data () {
    57.             return {
    58.                 formValidate: {
    59.                     name: '',
    60.                     mail: '',
    61.                     city: '',
    62.                     gender: '',
    63.                     interest: [],
    64.                     date: '',
    65.                     time: '',
    66.                     desc: ''
    67.                 },
    68.                 ruleValidate: {
    69.                     name: [
    70.                         { required: true, message: 'The name cannot be empty', trigger: 'blur' }
    71.                     ],
    72.                     mail: [
    73.                         { required: true, message: 'Mailbox cannot be empty', trigger: 'blur' },
    74.                         { type: 'email', message: 'Incorrect email format', trigger: 'blur' }
    75.                     ],
    76.                     city: [
    77.                         { required: true, message: 'Please select the city', trigger: 'change' }
    78.                     ],
    79.                     gender: [
    80.                         { required: true, message: 'Please select gender', trigger: 'change' }
    81.                     ],
    82.                     interest: [
    83.                         { required: true, type: 'array', min: 1, message: 'Choose at least one hobby', trigger: 'change' },
    84.                         { type: 'array', max: 2, message: 'Choose two hobbies at best', trigger: 'change' }
    85.                     ],
    86.                     date: [
    87.                         { required: true, type: 'date', message: 'Please select the date', trigger: 'change' }
    88.                     ],
    89.                     time: [
    90.                         { required: true, type: 'string', message: 'Please select time', trigger: 'change' }
    91.                     ],
    92.                     desc: [
    93.                         { required: true, message: 'Please enter a personal introduction', trigger: 'blur' },
    94.                         { type: 'string', min: 20, message: 'Introduce no less than 20 words', trigger: 'blur' }
    95.                     ]
    96.                 }
    97.             }
    98.         },
    99.         methods: {
    100.             handleSubmit (name) {
    101.                 this.$refs[name].validate((valid) => {
    102.                     if (valid) {
    103.                         this.$Message.success('Success!');
    104.                     } else {
    105.                         this.$Message.error('Fail!');
    106.                     }
    107.                 })
    108.             },
    109.             handleReset (name) {
    110.                 this.$refs[name].resetFields();
    111.             }
    112.         }
    113.     }
    114. </script>

    Form 表单 - 图5

    自定义验证

    可以完全自定义验证规则来完成更复杂的验证，比如某些数据需要在服务端验证时。示例展示的是密码的二次确认及模拟的一个异步验证。

    1. <template>
    2.     <Form ref="formCustom" :model="formCustom" :rules="ruleCustom" :label-width="80">
    3.         <FormItem label="Password" prop="passwd">
    4.             <Input type="password" v-model="formCustom.passwd"></Input>
    5.         </FormItem>
    6.         <FormItem label="Confirm" prop="passwdCheck">
    7.             <Input type="password" v-model="formCustom.passwdCheck"></Input>
    8.         </FormItem>
    9.         <FormItem label="Age" prop="age">
    10.             <Input type="text" v-model="formCustom.age" number></Input>
    11.         </FormItem>
    12.         <FormItem>
    13.             <Button type="primary" @click="handleSubmit('formCustom')">Submit</Button>
    14.             <Button @click="handleReset('formCustom')" style="margin-left: 8px">Reset</Button>
    15.         </FormItem>
    16.     </Form>
    17. </template>
    18. <script>
    19.     export default {
    20.         data () {
    21.             const validatePass = (rule, value, callback) => {
    22.                 if (value === '') {
    23.                     callback(new Error('Please enter your password'));
    24.                 } else {
    25.                     if (this.formCustom.passwdCheck !== '') {
    26.                         // 对第二个密码框单独验证
    27.                         this.$refs.formCustom.validateField('passwdCheck');
    28.                     }
    29.                     callback();
    30.                 }
    31.             };
    32.             const validatePassCheck = (rule, value, callback) => {
    33.                 if (value === '') {
    34.                     callback(new Error('Please enter your password again'));
    35.                 } else if (value !== this.formCustom.passwd) {
    36.                     callback(new Error('The two input passwords do not match!'));
    37.                 } else {
    38.                     callback();
    39.                 }
    40.             };
    41.             const validateAge = (rule, value, callback) => {
    42.                 if (!value) {
    43.                     return callback(new Error('Age cannot be empty'));
    44.                 }
    45.                 // 模拟异步验证效果
    46.                 setTimeout(() => {
    47.                     if (!Number.isInteger(value)) {
    48.                         callback(new Error('Please enter a numeric value'));
    49.                     } else {
    50.                         if (value < 18) {
    51.                             callback(new Error('Must be over 18 years of age'));
    52.                         } else {
    53.                             callback();
    54.                         }
    55.                     }
    56.                 }, 1000);
    57.             };
    59.             return {
    60.                 formCustom: {
    61.                     passwd: '',
    62.                     passwdCheck: '',
    63.                     age: ''
    64.                 },
    65.                 ruleCustom: {
    66.                     passwd: [
    67.                         { validator: validatePass, trigger: 'blur' }
    68.                     ],
    69.                     passwdCheck: [
    70.                         { validator: validatePassCheck, trigger: 'blur' }
    71.                     ],
    72.                     age: [
    73.                         { validator: validateAge, trigger: 'blur' }
    74.                     ]
    75.                 }
    76.             }
    77.         },
    78.         methods: {
    79.             handleSubmit (name) {
    80.                 this.$refs[name].validate((valid) => {
    81.                     if (valid) {
    82.                         this.$Message.success('Success!');
    83.                     } else {
    84.                         this.$Message.error('Fail!');
    85.                     }
    86.                 })
    87.             },
    88.             handleReset (name) {
    89.                 this.$refs[name].resetFields();
    90.             }
    91.         }
    92.     }
    93. </script>

    Form 表单 - 图6

    动态增减表单项

    当需要动态维护 FormItem 时，也可以直接给 FormItem 设置属性 rules 来单独为该域做验证。

    动态设置 FormItem 的 prop 属性时，会依据上层的 Form 组件的 model 来获取，查看示例代码。

    FormItem 还可以独立设置 required、error 等属性，详见 API。

    1. <template>
    2.     <Form ref="formDynamic" :model="formDynamic" :label-width="80" style="width: 300px">
    3.         <FormItem
    4.                 v-for="(item, index) in formDynamic.items"
    5.                 v-if="item.status"
    6.                 :key="index"
    7.                 :label="'Item ' + item.index"
    8.                 :prop="'items.' + index + '.value'"
    9.                 :rules="{required: true, message: 'Item ' + item.index +' can not be empty', trigger: 'blur'}">
    10.             <Row>
    11.                 <Col span="18">
    12.                     <Input type="text" v-model="item.value" placeholder="Enter something..."></Input>
    13.                 </Col>
    14.                 <Col span="4" offset="1">
    15.                     <Button @click="handleRemove(index)">Delete</Button>
    16.                 </Col>
    17.             </Row>
    18.         </FormItem>
    19.         <FormItem>
    20.             <Row>
    21.                 <Col span="12">
    22.                     <Button type="dashed" long @click="handleAdd" icon="md-add">Add item</Button>
    23.                 </Col>
    24.             </Row>
    25.         </FormItem>
    26.         <FormItem>
    27.             <Button type="primary" @click="handleSubmit('formDynamic')">Submit</Button>
    28.             <Button @click="handleReset('formDynamic')" style="margin-left: 8px">Reset</Button>
    29.         </FormItem>
    30.     </Form>
    31. </template>
    32. <script>
    33.     export default {
    34.         data () {
    35.             return {
    36.                 index: 1,
    37.                 formDynamic: {
    38.                     items: [
    39.                         {
    40.                             value: '',
    41.                             index: 1,
    42.                             status: 1
    43.                         }
    44.                     ]
    45.                 }
    46.             }
    47.         },
    48.         methods: {
    49.             handleSubmit (name) {
    50.                 this.$refs[name].validate((valid) => {
    51.                     if (valid) {
    52.                         this.$Message.success('Success!');
    53.                     } else {
    54.                         this.$Message.error('Fail!');
    55.                     }
    56.                 })
    57.             },
    58.             handleReset (name) {
    59.                 this.$refs[name].resetFields();
    60.             },
    61.             handleAdd () {
    62.                 this.index++;
    63.                 this.formDynamic.items.push({
    64.                     value: '',
    65.                     index: this.index,
    66.                     status: 1
    67.                 });
    68.             },
    69.             handleRemove (index) {
    70.                 this.formDynamic.items[index].status = 0;
    71.             }
    72.         }
    73.     }
    74. </script>

    API

    Form props

    属性说明类型默认值
    model表单数据对象Object-
    rules表单验证规则，具体配置查看 async-validatorObject-
    inline是否开启行内表单模式Booleanfalse
    label-position表单域标签的位置，可选值为 left、right、topStringright
    label-width表单域标签的宽度，所有的 FormItem 都会继承 Form 组件的 label-width 的值Number-
    show-message是否显示校验错误信息Booleantrue
    autocomplete原生的 autocomplete 属性，可选值为 off 或 onStringoff

    Form methods

    方法名说明参数
    validate对整个表单进行校验，参数为检验完的回调，会返回一个 Boolean 表示成功与失败，支持 Promisecallback
    validateField对部分表单字段进行校验的方法，参数1为需校验的 prop，参数2为检验完回调，返回错误信息callback
    resetFields对整个表单进行重置，将所有字段值重置为空并移除校验结果无

    FormItem props

    属性说明类型默认值
    prop对应表单域 model 里的字段String-
    label标签文本String-
    label-width表单域标签的的宽度Number-
    label-for指定原生的 label 标签的 for 属性，配合控件的 element-id 属性，可以点击 label 时聚焦控件。String-
    required是否必填，如不设置，则会根据校验规则自动生成Boolean-
    rules表单验证规则Object | Array-
    error表单域验证错误信息, 设置该值会使表单验证状态变为error，并显示该错误信息String-
    show-message是否显示校验错误信息Booleantrue

    FormItem slot

    名称说明
    无内容
    labellabel 内容